OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the construction of suitable evaluation index system for the implementation of National Essential Medicine System in community health service center. METHODS： The frame of evaluation index system was designed by theoretical analysis， literature study and expert interviews methods. Delphi method was used to establish evaluation index system for National Essential Medicine System in Shanghai community health service center. Analytic hierarchy process was adopted to determine the weights of indicators at all levels. RESULTS： The positive coefficients of the two rounds consultations were 88.24％ （15/17） and 86.67％ （13/15）. The authority coefficient of structural index， processing index and result index in the first round consultation were 0.68， 0.68 and 0.69， respectively， which showed that the authority degree was higher. The coefficient of concordance in the second round consultation was higher than the first round （the indexes of structure， process and result in two rounds consultation were 0.286，0.306，0.193 and 0.345， 0.358， 0.337， respectively）， which indicated the expert opinions were highly consistent. Established evaluation index system consisted of 3 first-level indexes， 13 second-level indexes and 27 third-level indexes. CONCLUSIONS： The selected experts were representative， the consultation results were reliable， established evaluation index system was rational and the setting of weights was scientific. Also this study was a methodological exploration.