OBJECTIVE： To investigate the optimal administration route of ambroxol in the treatment of pediatric respiratory disease. METHODS： Totally 120 children with respiratory disease in pediatric department of our hospital during Jun. 2014-Jun. 2016 were divided into intravenous dripping group and atomization inhalation group according to even and odd-numbered admission order， with 60 cases in each group.  Intravenous drip group was given Ambroxol hydrochloride injection 7.5 mg dissolved in 5％ glucose solution 50 mL， ivgtt， bid； aerosol inhalation group was given aerosol inhalation of Ambroxol hydrochloride injection 7.5 mg， for 15 min each time， bid. The two groups were treated with 7 d. Clinical efficacies， p（O2） and p（CO2） level， the times of sputum absorption， clinical indexes and the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS： Total response rate of atomization inhalation group （96.67％） was significantly higher than intravenous dripping group （78.33％）； p（O2） level was significantly higher than intravenous dripping group， while the times of sputum absorption， fever disappearance time， asthma disappearance time， oxygen therapy time， pulmonary rales disappearance time， cough disappearance time and average hospitalization time were significantly less or shorter intravenous dripping group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in p（CO2） level and the incidence of ADR between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Ambroxol is effective in the treatment of pediatric respiratory disease， and clinical efficacy of atomization inhalation is better than intravenous drop.