OBJECTIVE： To observe clinical efficacy and safety of tanshinone combined with limbal stem cells transplantation in the treatment of pterygium. METHODS： Totally 97 cases （118 eyes） of primary pterygium admitted into our hospital during Feb. 2010-Sept. 2014 were analyzed retrospectively， and divided into observation group （48 cases， 57 eyes） and control group （49 cases， 61 eyes）. Both groups received autologous limbal stem cell transplantation. The control began to give Tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drops 1-2 drop 1 week before surgery， every 4-6 h one times.  Observation group was given Tanshinone capsules 0.5 g， po， tid， one week before surgery， for 3 months. Repair time of corneal epithelium and local symptom regression time were compared between 2 groups. Corneal astigmatism and corrected visual acuity were observed in 2 groups before and 1， 3 months after surgery. The occurrence of recurrence and ADR was analyzed statistically in 2 groups. RESULTS： The repairing time of corneal pithelial and local symptom regression time in observation group were significantly shorter than control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in corneal astigmatism and corrected visual acuity between 2 groups before and one month after surgery （P＞0.05）. 1， 3 months after surgery， corneal astigmatism of 2 groups was decreased significantly and corrected visual acuity was increased significantly than before surgery， and 3 months after surgery the observation group was significantly better than the control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The recurrence rate of observation group was 3.51％， which was significantly lower than 14.75％ of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Tanshinone combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of pterygium can shorten the time of corneal epithelial repair and local symptoms， restore the visual function of patients and reduce recurrence rate with good safety.