OBJECTIVE： To observe clinical effects and safety of small dose of octreotide for preventing hyperamylasemia and acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography（ERCP）. METHODS： One hundred and twenty ERCP patients were selected from our hospital during Oct. 2014-Jan. 2015 and then divided in to observation group and control group in accordance with random number table， with 60 cases in each group. Both groups were given Diazepam tablet 10 mg+Meperidine hydrochloride tablet 100 mg+Phenobarbital scopolamine tablet 2 tablets 0.5 h before surgery for sedation and analgesia， and routine acid suppression and anti-infective therapy. Observation group was additionally given Octreotide acetate injection 0.1 mg hypodermically and then given Octreotide acetate injection 0.1 mg immediately after surgery， 8 h after surgery. The levels of serum amylase and blood glucose were observed in 2 groups， and the occurrence of postoperative complication and ADR were recorded. RESULTS： Before operation， there was no statistical significance in the levels of serum amylase and blood glucose between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. After operation， the level of serum amylase in control group was significantly higher than in observation group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in blood glucose level between 2 groups after operation （P＞0.05）. The incidence of hyperamylasemia and ADR in observation group was significantly lower than in control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）， and there was no statistical significance in the incidence of acute pancreatitis between 2 groups after operation （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Small dose of octreotide can effectively reduce the level of serum amylase and the incidence of hyperamylasemia after ERCP with good safety.