OBJECTIVE： To explore the risk factors for nosocomial infection of multidrug-resistant organism （MDRO） in ICU， and to provide reference for preventing and controlling MDRO in ICU. METHODS： In retrospective study， 246 patients with nosocomial infection from ICU of Xi’an Aerospace General Hospital （hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”） during Jan. 2011-Dec. 2015 were selected and divided into non-MDRO infection group （140 cases） and MDRO infection group （106 cases）. The detection and drug resistance of MDRO were analyzed in MDRO group. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore risk factors for nosocomial infection of MDRO. RESULTS： During 2011-2015， 435 strains of MDRO were isolated from 106 MDRO infection patients， in which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 89.43％， showing severe drug resistance. Univariate analysis showed that the following 13 factors were related to nosocomial infection of MDRO， such as ICU admission time， hypoproteinemia， acute cerebrovascular diseases， renal abnormalities， mechanical ventilation time， arterivenous catheterization time， urethral catheterization time， indwelling gastric tube time， type and time of using antibiotics， combined use of antibiotics， application of carbapenems and the third generation caphalosporins（P＜0.05）. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that acute cerebrovascular diseases， type and time of using antibiotics were the independent risk factors for nosocomial infection of MDRO in ICU [odds ratios were 2.816， 1.582， 1.265， 95％CI were （1.540，5.151），（1.085，2.306），（1.131，1.415）]. CONCLUSIONS： Some prevention and control measures should be taken actively for high-risk MDRO infection patients in ICU to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection of MDRO and improve the quality of health care.