OBJECTIVE： To systematically review the efficacy and safety of implanting sustained-release 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer surgery， and provide evidence-based reference for clinic. METHODS： Retrieved from CJFD， VIP，CBM， Wanfang Database， PubMed， Web of Science and EMBase， randomized controlled trials （RCT） about sustained-release 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of colorectal cancer were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using STATA 12.0 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by modified Jadad scale. RESULTS： Totally 23 RCTs were enrolled， involving 2 089 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed， implanting sustained-release 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer surgery can significantly reduce postoperative 2-year local recurrence rate [OR＝0.32，95％CI（0.21，0.48），P＜0.001]， distant metastasis rate [OR＝0.16，95％CI（0.05，0.50），P＝0.002] and mortality rate within 2-year [OR＝0.38，95％CI（0.22，0.65），P＜0.001]， with statistical significance， while had no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications [OR＝1.06，95％CI（0.81，1.39），P＝0.662]. CONCLUSIONS： Implanting sustained-release 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer surgery can reduce postoperative 2-year local recurrence rate， distant metastasis rate and mortality rate within 2-year， and has no obvious effect on the incidence of complications.