OBJECTIVE： To systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of sirolimus （SRL） versus tacrolimus （Tac） for anti-rejection after renal transplantation， and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， EMBase， Medline， Science Direct， Cochrane library， CJFD，VIP and Wanfang Database， randomized controlled trials （RCT） about SRL （test group） versus Tac （control group） for anti-rejection after renal transplantation were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2 software after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS： Totally 5 RCTs were included， involving 594 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed， there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute rejections [RR＝1.26， 95％CI（0.82，1.93）， P＝0.30]， graft loss rate [RR＝0.91，95％CI（0.32， 2.55），P＝0.85] and mortality rate [RR＝0.87，95％CI（0.34，2.22），P＝0.77] in 2 groups； while the infection rate in test group was significantly lower than control group， the difference was statistically significant [RR＝0.13，95％CI（0.04，0.40），P＜0.001]. CONCLUSIONS： Compared with Tac， SRL has the same anti-rejection effect after renal transplantation， not changed graft loss rate and mortality rate， but reduced the infection rate with higher safety.