OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for precision medication in the clinic， preventing and reducing the occurrence of adverse drug reaction （ADR）. METHODS： Foreign and domestic literatures about pharmacogenomics and ADR were collected to summarize the relationship of genetic polymorphisms with ADR. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS： At present， many ADR-related genes are identified. The polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen genes are associated with liver injury induced by diclofenac， amoxicillin clavulanate potassium and other drugs， and allergic reaction induced by carbamazepine， abacavir and other drugs. The polymorphisms of liver drug transporter 1B1 genes are associated with myopathy induced by statins. The polymorphisms of N-acetylase 2 genes are associated with liver injury induced by isoniazid. The polymorphisms of NOS1AP， SCN5A and KCNE1 genes are associated with drug-induced QT prolongation. Gene polymorphism study can provide a new reference for the prevention of ADR. Gene detection can be conducted before drug treatment to reduce the incidence of ADR.