OBJECTIVE： To discuss the effect and safety of dezocine on hemodynamics and inflammatory cytokines in esophageal cancer patients with one-lung ventilation （OLV）. METHODS： 80 esophageal cancer patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group， 40 cases in each group. All patients received 0.5 mg penehyclidine hydrochloride+0.1 mg/kg midazolam+4 μg/kg fentanyl+2 mg/kg propofol+0.15 mg/kg cisatracurium for anesthesia induction， propofol 4-10 mg/（kg·h） + remifentanil 0.1 μg/（kg·min） were pumped after double-lumen endobronchial catheter. Observation group received 1 mg dezocine by Intravenous injection in surgical skin incision， control group received the same amount of normal saline. Hemodynamic parameters [heart rate （HR）， mean arterial pressure （MAP）] and inflammatory cytokine levels in 2 groups before anesthesia induction （T1）， when skin incision （T2）， 5 min after dezocine/normal saline （T3）， OLV 30 min （T4）， recovery two-lung ventilation 10 min （T5） and end of the operation （T6） were compared， and the incidence of adverse reactions was observed. RESULTS： There was no significant difference in HR and MAP in 2 groups at T1， T5 and T6 （P＞0.05）； HR and MAP in observation group at T2， T3 and T4 were significantly lower than control group， the difference was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in TNF-α and IL-8 at T1， T2 and T3 and IL-6 at T1， T2， T3 and T4 between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； TNF-α and IL-8 at T4， T5 and T6 and IL-6 at T5 and T6 in observation group were significantly lower than control group， the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. And there was no obvious adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS： Dezocine shows more stable hemodynamics and lower expression level of inflammatory cytokines in esophageal cancer patients with OLV， with good safety.