OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the economical efficiency of alogliptin for type 2 diabetes and provide clinical evidence for related researches. METHODS： Retrieved from Cochrane Library， Pubmed， EMBase， CNKI， VIP， Wanfang， CBM database up from the start of the database to Mar.， 2014， RCTs about alogliptin combined with traditional antidiabetic agents regimen vs. traditional antidiabetic agents regimen in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Based on the secondary analysis method of literatures， Effectiveness indexes and treatment course were extracted from the literatures， from the perspective of patients， and daily treatment cost was used to calculate the cost； cost-effectiveness analysis was adopted to evaluate the economical efficiency of alogliptin combined with traditional antidiabetic agents regimen vs. traditional antidiabetic agents regimen. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS： 6 literatures which met inclusion criteria were included. When alogliptin combined with metformin treatment lasted for 12 weeks， the decrease value of HbA1c as effect index showed poor cost-effectiveness； when treatment course increased to 26 weeks， the rate of qualified HbA1c as effect index showed poor cost-effectiveness. When the price of alogliptin decreased by 10％ or the effects of trial group was the upper limit of 95％CI， the cost-effectiveness was superior to metformin regimen group. 12 weeks of alogliptin combined with pioglitazone treatment showed better cost-effectiveness than pioglitazone alone using the decrease value of HbA1c as effect； when treatment course increased to 26 weeks， the treatment showed poor cost-effectiveness； when treatment conrse increased to 26 weeks， using the rate of qualified HbA1c as effect indes， the results of sensitirity analysis showed that cost-effectiveness of trial group was better than that of pioglitazone alone group as the apper limit of 95％ CI. When alogliptin combined voglibose treatment lasted for 12 weeks， the decrease value of HbA1c as effect index showed superior cost-effectiveness to voglibose regimen group. It is suggested to develop alogliptin pharmacoeconomics research based on RCTs and pharmacoeconomics research about improving diabetes patients’ long-term living quality.