OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides on the protein expression of P53， P65 and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and apoptosis index （AI） in rats with precancerous lesions of gastric cancer （PLGC）. METHODS： 60 rats were randomly divided into normal control group， model control group， Vitacoenzyme tablet group （positive drug， 0.01 g/kg）， astragalus polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups （0.5， 1.0 g/kg）. Except for normal control group， PLGC model was induced in those groups. After modeling， those groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， and normal control group and model control group were given normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 8 weeks. The protein expression of P53， P65， VEGF in gastric mucosa and AI of rats were determined， and the pathological changes of gastric mucosa was observed. RESULTS： Compared with normal control group， the protein expression of P53， P65， VEGF in  gastric mucosa increased in model control group and treatment groups （P＜0.05）， while AI decreased； gastric mucosal lesions occurred like thin， less smooth， less mucus and other precancerous lesions. Compared with model control group， protein expression of P53， P65， VEGF in gastric mucosa decreased in treatment groups， while AI increased； the changes of above indexes in  astragalus polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups were more significant than in  Vitacoenzyme tablet group （P＜0.05）； the pathological changes were improved. Compared with astragalus polysaccharide low-dose group， the protein expression of P53， P65， VEGF in gastric mucosa decreased in high-dose group， while AI increased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：  Astragalus polysaccharide can down-regulate the protein expression of P53， P65， VEGF in PLGC model rats and down-regulate AI so as to control the progress of PLGC.