OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effect of psychological intervention based on pharmaceutical care on the community patients with essential hypertension. METHODS： 172 patients with essential hypertension in a community health service certer in Nanjing Gulou area in 2013 were divided into control group （n＝87） and intervention group （n＝85） by simple random method. Control group received conventional antihypertensive drugs and management， intervention group additionally received pharmaceutical care and psychological intervention， it lasted 6 months. Blood pressure controlling， drug compliance， mastery of drug knowledge and health status in 2 groups before and after treatment were compared. RESULTS： Before treatment， there were no significant differences in the systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure （DBP） between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； after treatment，  SBP and DBP in 2 groups were lower than before， SBP and DBP in intervention group were lower than control group， the decrease degree of SBP and DBP was bigger than control group， the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.01）. 1 month after the beginning of intervention， there was no significant difference in the proportion of drug compliance between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； 1 month after the end of the intervention， the proportion of drug compliance in intervention group was higher than 1 month after the beginning of intervention and control group， the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Before treatment， there was no significant difference in mastery of drug knowledge between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； after treatment， the proportion of patients showed good and excellent mastery of drug knowledge was higher than before and control group， the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Before treatment， there were no significant differences in scores of physical， mental， social health subscale and SRHMS between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； after treatment， scores of physical health subscale and SRHMS in control group， each subscale and total scale scores in intervention group were higher than before， and scores of mental， social health subscale and SRHMS in intervention group were higher than control group， the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The psychological intervention based on pharmaceutical care can effectively promote the control of blood pressure， improve drug compliance， mastery of drug knowledge， health status and mental situation， which is worth of popularizing and applying in community health services.