OBJECTIVE： To investigate the pathogen distribution and drug resistance situation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） from patients with refractory pulmonary infection， and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS： The sputum and BALF specimen of 136 inpatients with refractory pulmonary infection from the First People’s Hospital of Zhenjiang City from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2015 were cultured and identified， pathogen detection was compared， and results of drug sensitivity test for pathogen in BALF specimen was analyzed. RESULTS： The positive rates of sputum and BALF specimen of 136 inpatients were 22.06％ and 47.79％， with statistical significance （P＜0.01）； a total of 32 and 72 strains were isolated， they mainly were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia， Pseudomonas aeruginosa， Acinetobacter baumannii  and Staphylococcus aureus. S. maltophilia  in BALF was sensitive to minocycline and levofloxacin； resistance rate of P. aeruginosa  to common antibiotics was lower than 50％； A. baumannii  was sensitive to imipenem， ampicillin sodium and sulbactam sodium， amikacin and minocycline； S. aureus  was sensitive to linezolid， chloramphenicol and vancomycin. CONCLUSIONS： The positive rate of BALF specimen is higher than sputum， the pathogens are mainly Gram-negative bacteria. Clinic should rationally select antibiotics based on the drug sensitivity test and clinical symptoms.