OBJECTIVE： To compare the incidence of cerebral events in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease complicating with cerebral microbleeds （CMBs） at the last stage of antiplatelet agent use. METHODS： 140 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease were selected from Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affilicated to Capital Medical University during Jan. 2013-Jan. 2014， and then divided into CMBs group and non-CMBs group according to whether complicated with CMBs， with 70 cases in each group. After followed up for 1 year （regular use of aspirin 100 mg/d and/or clopidogrel 75 mg/d）， the incidence of recurrent cerebral infarction and cerebral bleeding and mortality were compared. RESUTLS： The incidence of recurrent cerebral infarction was 12.9％ in CMBs group and 8.6％ in non-CMBs group， without statistical significance （P＝0.412）； the incidence of cerebral bleeding was 10.0％ in CMBs group and 1.4％ in non-CMBs group， with statistical significance （P＝0.029）； the mortality of cerebrovascular event at the last stage was 5.7％ in CMBs group and 4.3％ in non-CMBs group， without statistical significance （P＝0.698）. CONCLUSIONS： The risk of cerebral bleeding increase in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease complicating with CMBs after the application of antiplatelet agent. For patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease complicating with CMBs， the application of antiplatelet agent should be based on the complete judgment and weighing of benefit and bleeding risk.