OBJECTIVE： To observe clinical efficacy and safety of rhBNP combined with levosimendan in the treatment of acute heart failure， and to investigated the effects of drug combination on serum UA and BNP levels. METHODS： 68 patients with acute heart failure were randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 34 cases in each group. Both groups received routine treatment； control group was additionally given Levosimendan injection 5 ml added into 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection 45 ml with persistent micropump injection： at pump rate of 12 μg/（kg·min） within first 1 h， and then at pump rate of 0.5 μg/（kg·min） for consecutive 23 h； observation group was additionally given rhBNP 1.5 μg/kg for intravenous shock， and then given consecutive intravenous injection of rhBNP at rate of 7.5 ng/（kg·min） continuous 3-7 days on the basis of control group. Clinical efficacy of 2 groups were observed， and serum levels of UA and BNP， heart function index， the safety of drug use were observed before and after treatment. RESULTS： After treatment， total effective rate of observation group （94.11％） was significantly higher than that of control group （70.59％）， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The improvement of serum levels of UA and BNP in observation group was more significant than in control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The stroke volume and left ventricular ejection fraction of observation group were significantly better than those of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between observation group （2.94％） and control group （5.88％） （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： rhBNP combined with levosimendan have significant clinical efficacy and high safety in the treatment of acute heart failure.