OBJECTIVE： To systematically review the efficacy and safety of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） inhibitors in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）， and provide evidence-based reference for clinic. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， EMBase， Cochrane Library， CJFD， VIP， CBM and Wangfang Database， randomized controlled trials （RCT） about VEGF inhibitors （test group） versus laser photocoagulation treatment （control group） in the treatment of ROP were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.1 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by Cochrane reviewers manual 5.1.0. RESULTS： Totally 5 RCTs were included， involving 381 infants and 754 eyes.Results of Meta-analysis showed that the recurrence rate of ROP [RR＝0.23， 95％CI（0.13，0.42），P＜0.001]， retinal detachment incidence [RR＝0.27，95％CI（0.14，0.51），P＜0.001] andresolution of plus signs [MD＝－1.31，95％CI（－1.47，－1.14），P＜0.001] in test group were significantly lower than control group， the differences were statistically significant； and there was no significant difference in the refractive errors and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：Intravitreal VEGF inhibitors have better efficacy than laser photocoagulation in the treatment of ROP， but the optimal dose and safety need further verification by large-sample and well-designed RCT.