OBJECTIVE: To explore the mode and role of clinical pharmacists participating in pharmaceutical care of anti-infective therapy for patients with severe pulmonary infection. METHODS: Clinical pharmacists participated in diagnosis and treatment for a patient with severe pulmonary infection. The rationality of therapy regimen was evaluated, and therapeutic efficacy was also evaluated according to the change of relative index; clinical pharmacists assisted physicians to optimize therapy plan: suggest to stop taking moxifloxacin and give Meropenem for injection 1.0 g,ivgtt,q12 h for anti-infective therapy if getting worse; suggest to stop taking meropenem and give Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection 0.5 g,ivgtt,qd+Aztreonam for injection 2.0 g,ivgtt,q12 h according to sputum culture if infection controlled; suggest to stop taking levofloxacin and give vancomycin 1.0 g,ivgtt,q12 h after infection aggravated because MRSA infection can not be excluded; suggest to stop taking aztreonam and give Cefepime hydrochloride for injection 2.0 g,ivgtt,q12 h+Amikacin sulfate injection 0.4 g,ivgtt,qd,and blood concentration of vancomycin if pulmonary infection aggravated; suggest to stop taking vancomycin and continue to take cefepime+amikacin for anti-infective therapy due to MRSA was not found in sputum culture. RESULTS: Physicians adopted clinical pharmacist’ s suggestion; vital sign of patients become stable, and infection have been controlled significantly compared to before treatment; the patient was transferred to common ward. CONCLUSIONS: The participation of clinical pharmacists in the optimization of anti-infective therapy plan can improve efficacy, reduce ADR and avoid drug interaction.