OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the reform achievement of public hospital pharmacy in China and explore the pathway of the reform so as to provide reference for policymakers. METHODS： The objective， progress and outcomes of pharmacy reform and problems in China were introduced since 2000； the pathway of public hospital pharmacy reform was put forward based on comparing health service system of USA， British， Japan and Hong Kong area. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： The reform’s objective is to promote “separation of pharmacy from medicine” and break down the mechanism of “drug-maintaining-medicine”. Before the new medical reform in 2009， pharmacy trusteeship and centers of pharmacy management were the main reform models； after the new medical reform， there were socialization of hospital pharmacy， pharmacy trusteeship and centers of pharmacy management and so on. The reform have achieved separation of income and expenditure of pharmacy from those of hospital， the decrease of average drug cost per time， drug ratio and others in some public hospital， but patient’s burden may not yet alleviate； the main compensation approaches for zero-profit drug supply is to increase the fees for diagnosis and treatment， and pharmaceutical care fee. So the reform merely aiming at pharmacy reform cannot solve information asymmetry between doctor and patient； pharmacy trusteeship may be difficult to cover up “drug-maintaining-medicine”， and the quality of pharmaceutical care may be declined. On the basis of the experience of USA， British， Japan and other countries and Hong Kong including only supplying hospital treatment but not setting up outpatient pharmacy， checking medical cost payment strictly by medical insurance department， separating hospital pharmacy from social pharmacy， etc.， it is suggested to consider pharmacy reform as one part of public hospital reform， implement incremental reform， build multiple prescription supervision system so as to solve the problem of information asymmetry between doctors and patients； at the same time， strengthen various functions of hospital pharmacy to upgrade pharmaceutical care， and gradually realize the socialization of public hospital outpatient pharmacy based on a grading treatment of medical units.