OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of rhein，emodin，chrysophanol and physcion in Niuhuang shangqing pill. METHODS：HPLC was performed on the column was Kromasil C18 with mobile phase of methanol- 0.5％ phosphoric acid（75 ∶ 25，V/V），the column temperature was 30 ℃，the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min，the detection wavelength was 230 nm，and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS：The linear range was 1.50-150 mg/L for rhein，0.95-95 for emodin， 1.30-130 for chrysophanol and 1.15-115 mg/L for physcion（r≥0.995 0）；RSDs of precision，stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2％；recoveries were 97.03％-100.40％（RSD＝1.23％，n＝9），98.37％-102.50％（RSD＝1.15％，n＝9），98.03％-101.10％ （RSD＝1.05％，n＝9）and 97.83％-104.50％（RSD＝2.16％，n＝9）. CONCLUSIONS：The method is simple，stable with good reproducibility， and can be used for the contents determination of rhein，emodin，chrysophanol and physcion in Niuhuang shangqing pill.