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1.首都医科大学宣武医院药学部,北京 100053
2.首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院药学部,北京 100026
主管药师,博士。研究方向:中药药理学。E-mail:CHENNaaa@126.com
研究员,主任药师,博士生导师。研究方向:中药新药研发及药理学。E-mail:xwzhanglan@126.com
纸质出版日期:2024-01-15,
收稿日期:2023-06-16,
修回日期:2023-10-13,
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陈娜,郭景仙,褚燕琦等.经典名方异功散的历史沿革及临床应用考证 Δ[J].中国药房,2024,35(01):119-123.
CHEN Na,GUO Jingxian,CHU Yanqi,et al.Historical evolution and clinical application of classical prescription Yigongsan[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2024,35(01):119-123.
陈娜,郭景仙,褚燕琦等.经典名方异功散的历史沿革及临床应用考证 Δ[J].中国药房,2024,35(01):119-123. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.01.21.
CHEN Na,GUO Jingxian,CHU Yanqi,et al.Historical evolution and clinical application of classical prescription Yigongsan[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2024,35(01):119-123. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.01.21.
异功散出自宋代钱乙的《小儿药证直诀》,收录于2022年国家中医药管理局发布的《古代经典名方目录(第二批儿科部分)》。本文通过系统梳理古籍文献和现代文献,对异功散的方剂历史源流、组成、剂量、炮制、煎服法和主治功效等进行考证分析。结果可得,异功散由人参、茯苓、白术、陈皮、甘草5味药组成,其中茯苓需去皮,白术采用土炒法,甘草采用蜜炙法,人参和陈皮用生品;根据古今剂量折算,异功散煎服时须将各药材研为细末,各称取1.6 g,加水300 mL、生姜5片、枣2个,共同煎煮至210 mL,饭前温服。异功散在古籍中记载的主治病证为呕吐泄泻、脾胃虚冷、胸脘痞闷、不思饮食等,在现代广泛应用于免疫系统、呼吸系统、血液系统等,涉及小儿厌食症、哮喘、贫血、肿瘤等多种疾病。
Yigongsan, derived from QIAN Yi’s
Key to Therapeutics of Children’s Diseases
in the Song Dynasty, is a classic pediatric prescription that is included in the
Catalogue of Ancient Classic Prescriptions
(
the Second Batch of Pediatrics
) released by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2022. This paper verifies and analyzes the historical origin, composition, dosage, processing, decoction method and efficacy of Yigongsan by systematically combing ancient books and modern documents. As a result, Yigongsan is composed of five herbs:
Panax ginseng
,
Poria cocos
,
Atractylodes macrocephala
,
Citrus reticulata
and
Glycyrrhiza uralensis
, of which
P. cocos
should be peeled,
A. macrocephala
is fried with soil,
G. uralensis
is roasted with honey while
P. ginseng
and
C. reticulata
are raw products. According to the dosage of ancient and modern times, each medicinal herb must be ground into fine powder, 1.6 g for each, added with 300 mL of water, 5 pieces of
Zingiber officinale
, and 2
Ziziphus jujuba
, decocted together to 210 mL, and taken before meals. In ancient books, Yigongsan is used to treat vomiting, diarrhea, spleen and stomach deficiency, chest and abdominal distension, and lack of appetite, etc. Modern research showed that Yigongsan could also be used in the diseases of immune system, respiratory system, blood system, etc., involving infantile anorexia, asthma, anemia, tumors and so on.
经典名方异功散文献考证功效
Yigongsanliterature researchefficacy
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LI Z N,ZHANG N,GE N,et al. Textual research and analysis on ancient literature of Guyinjian,a classic prescription[J]. China Pharm,2021,32(20):2556-2560.
杨斯翔,吴文辉. 经典名方清燥救肺汤的历史沿革及现代应用进展[J]. 中国药房,2022,33(16):2044-2048.
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王春来. 对人参芦头入药原因的探讨[J]. 光明中医,2013,28(7):1494-1495.
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国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典:一部[M].2020年版.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2020:8.
Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. Chinese pharmacopoeia:volume Ⅰ[M]. 2020 edition. Beijing:China Medical Science and Technology Press,2020:8.
鲁放,翟昌明,屈会化,等. 白术古今炮制法小考[J]. 中华中医药杂志,2022,37(2):963-967.
LU F,ZHAI C M,QU H H,et al. Discussion on ancient and modern processing method of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae[J]. China J Tradit Chin Med Pharm,2022,37(2):963-967.
宋丽艳,李永吉. 浅谈白术古今炮制原理[J]. 黑龙江医药科学,2007,30(5):50-51.
SONG L Y,LI Y J. On the processing principle of Atractylodes macrocephala in ancient and modern times[J]. Heilongjiang Med Pharm,2007,30(5):50-51.
张晓婷,张英,张戴英,等. 陈皮的炮制研究进展[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(17):267-274.
ZHANG X T,ZHANG Y,ZHANG D Y,et al. Processing of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium:a review[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Formulae,2022,28(17):267-274.
段君,许海,沈峰. 甘草古今炮制方法考证及饮片质量研究现状[J]. 实用中医药杂志,2022,38(9):1655-1658.
DUAN J,XU H,SHEN F. Textual research on ancient and modern processing methods of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and research status of quality of decoction pieces[J]. J Pract Tradit Chin Med,2022,38(9):1655-1658.
苑祯,马然,张林. 宋代方剂煎服法中“盏” 的量值研究[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2019,42(9):738-741.
YUAN Z,MA R,ZHANG L. A study on the volume of “Zhan” in decoction preparation in the Song Dynasty[J]. J Beijing Univ Tradit Chin Med,2019,42(9):738-741.
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